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Dietary Lipid Intervention in the Prevention of Brain Aging

Wei Xiong,Bing Fang,Xiaoyu Wang,Ming Zhang,Min Du,Jiazeng Sun,Juan Chen,Yixuan Li,Changhao Sun,Xingen Lei,Xue Zhang,Fazheng Ren,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.012

摘要： As people live longer, the burden of aging-related brain diseases, especially dementia, is increasing. Brain aging increases the risk of cognitive impairment, which manifests as a progressive loss of neuron function caused by the impairment of synaptic plasticity via disrupting lipid homeostasis. Therefore, supplemental dietary lipids have the potential to prevent brain aging. This review summarizes the important roles of dietary lipids in brain function from both structure and mechanism perspectives. Epidemiological and animal studies have provided evidence of the functions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in brain health. The results of interventions indicate that phospholipids—including phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and plasmalogen—are efficient in alleviating cognitive impairment during aging, with plasmalogen exhibiting higher efficacy than phosphatidylserine. Plasmalogen is a recognized nutrient used in clinical trials due to its special vinyl ether bonds and abundance in the postsynaptic membrane of neurons. Future research should determine the dose-dependent effects of plasmalogen in alleviating brain-aging diseases and should develop extraction and storage procedures for its clinical application.

关键词： Brain aging     Nutritional intervention     Phospholipids     Phosphatidylcholine     Phosphatidylserine     Plasmalogen    

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the characterization of pore structures and permeability of diesel contaminated clays under different aging

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1264-1280 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0921-x

摘要： In this study, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and X-ray micro-computed tomography (XRμCT) were used to characterize the pore structures and investigate the permeability characteristics of clay after aging and contamination with diesel. The results of the MIP tests showed that aging leads to reductions in porosity and average diameter, as well as an increase in tortuosity. The XRμCT analysis yielded consistent results; it showed that aging renders pores more spherical and isotropic and pore surfaces smoother. This weakens the pore connectivity. Micromorphological analysis revealed that aging led to the rearrangement of soil particles, tighter interparticle overlapping, and a reduction in pore space. The combination of MIP and XRμCT provided a comprehensive and reliable characterization of the soil pore structure. An increased diesel content increased the porosity and average diameter and reduced the tortuosity of the pores. Mechanistic analysis showed that aging weakens interparticle cohesion; this causes large agglomerates to break down into smaller agglomerates, resulting in a tighter arrangement and a subsequent reduction in porosity. An increase in diesel content increases the number of large agglomerates and pore spaces between agglomerates, resulting in increased porosity. Both aging and diesel content can weaken the permeation characteristics of soil.

关键词： MIP     XRμCT     aging     diesel content     pore structure     permeability characteristics    

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Mechanism and characterization of microplastic aging process: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1700-6

摘要：

● Methods for estimating the aging of environmental micro-plastics were highlighted.

关键词： Microplastics     Aging     Degradation     Characterization     Mechanism    

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Aging properties and aging mechanism of activated waste rubber powder modified asphalt binder based on

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 625-636 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0938-1

摘要： The research and development of high-performance pavement materials has been intensified owing to the demand for long-life pavements. This study is performed to develop a novel pavement material using waste rubber powder, waste lubricating by-product (LBP), and asphalt. Subsequently, the aging properties and aging mechanism of activated waste rubber powder modified asphalt (ARMA) are investigated based on its rheological properties and micro-characterization. The rheological results show that, compared with waste rubber powder modified asphalt (RMA), ARMA offers a higher aging resistance and a longer fatigue life. A comparison and analysis of the rheological aging parameters of ARMA and RMA show that LBP activation diminishes the aging sensitivity of ARMA. The micro-characterization result shows that the aging of ARMA may be caused by the fact that LBP-activated waste rubber powder is more reactive and can form a dense colloidal structure with asphalt. Therefore, the evaporation loss of asphalt light components by heat and the damage to the colloidal structure by oxygen during the aging process are impeded, and the thermal-oxidative aging resistance of ARMA is improved.

关键词： rubber powder modified asphalt     aging     mechanism     rheological     characterization    

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Insights into influence of aging processes on zero-valent iron modified biochar in copper(II) immobilization

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 880-892 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2282-8

摘要： The zero-valent iron modified biochar materials are widely employed for heavy metals immobilization. However, these materials would be inevitably aged by natural forces after entering into the environment, while there are seldom studies reported the aging effects of zero-valent iron modified biochar. In this work, the hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid solution were applied to simulate aging conditions of zero-valent iron modified biochar. According to the results, the adsorption capacity of copper(II) contaminants on biochar, zero-valent iron modified biochar-1, and zero-valent iron modified biochar-2 after aging was decreased by 15.36%, 22.65% and 23.26%, respectively. The surface interactions were assigned with chemisorption occurred on multi-molecular layers, which were proved by the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. After aging, the decreasing of capacity could be mainly attributed to the inhibition of ion-exchange and zero-valent iron oxidation. Moreover, the plant growth and soil leaching experiments also proved the effects of aging treatment, the zero-valent iron modified biochar reduced the inhibition of copper(II) bioavailability and increased the mobility of copper(II) after aging. All these results bridged the gaps between bio-adsorbents customization and their environmental behaviors during practical agro-industrial application.

关键词： zero-valent iron modified biochar     aging processes     copper removal     adsorption     pilot-scale experiments    

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Projections of heat-related excess mortality in China due to climate change, population and aging

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1732-y

摘要：

● Four scenarios were used to project heat-related excess mortality in China.

关键词： Heat-related excess mortality     LMDI     Aging     YLL     VSLY    

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Outdoor aging of road asphalt and SBS modified asphalt

Li XIANG, Juan TU, Jian CHENG, Guohe QUE

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 35-42 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0551-4

摘要： The process of performance degradation of road asphalt (RA) is regarded as aging. At present, better understanding of the thermal-oxidative aging of asphalt is achieved and the corresponding method to evaluate this process is developed; meanwhile, photo-oxidative aging (aging in an atmospheric environment, which is referred to as “outdoor aging” in this paper) of asphalt remains at the initial stages of scientific exploration. The outdoor natural ultraviolet (UV) aging of RA and SBS modified asphalt (SBSMA) are investigated in this study. The experimental results show that the basic performances of RA and SBSMA present similar change tendencies. The softening point increased, while the penetration and ductility decreased as the outdoor aging time passed by, and the 5°C ductility (ductility measured at 5°C) of SBSMA decreased very quickly. The group components of RA and SBSMA also change during UV aging. The content of asphaltene rose and that of aromatics and saturates decreased, while the content of resins changed insignificantly. Moreover, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) graphs show that the content of sulfoxide and carbonyl groups in RA and SBSMA increased significantly during the outdoor aging process.

关键词： asphalt     SBS     modified road asphalt     outdoor aging     ultraviolet    

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Outcomes of patients awaiting lung transplantation after the implementation of donation after brain death

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 760-765 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0899-5

摘要： Voluntary contribution has become the only source of donor lungs in China since 2015. To elaborate the outcomes of patients awaiting lung transplantation (LTx) after the implementation of donation after brain death, we performed a retrospective study that encompassed 205 patients with end-stage lung disease who registered for LTx at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2021. A total of 180 patients were enrolled in the study. The median waiting time was 1.25 months. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) (103/180, 57.2%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (56/180, 31.1%) were the most common diseases in our study population. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of patients in the died-waiting group was higher than that of the survivors (53.29±21.71 mmHg vs. 42.11±18.58 mmHg, P=0.002). The mortality of patients with ILD (34/103, 33.00%) was nearly twice that of patients with COPD (10/56, 17.86%) while awaiting LTx (P=0.041). In the died-waiting group, patients with ILD had a shorter median waiting time than patients with COPD after being listed (0.865 months vs. 4.720 months, P=0.030). ILD as primary disease and mPAP > 35 mmHg were two significant independent risk factors for waitlist mortality, with hazard ratios (HR) of 3.483 (95% CI 1.311–9.111; P=0.011) and 3.500 (95% CI 1.435–8.536; P=0.006). Hence, LTx is more urgently needed in patients with ILD and pulmonary hypertension.

关键词： lung transplantation     donation after brain death     waitlist    

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Cooling strategies and transport theories for brain hypothermia resuscitation

LIU Jing

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 32-57 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0004-z

摘要： The brain is one of the most important organs in a biological body whose normal function depends heavily on an uninterrupted delivery of oxygen. Unlike skeletal muscles that can survive for hours without oxygen, neuron cells in the brain are easily subjected to an irreversible damage within minutes from the onset of oxygen deficiency. With the interruption of cardiopulmonary circulation in many cardiac surgical procedures or accidental events leading to cerebral circulation arrest, an imbalance between energy production and consumption will occur which causes a rapid depletion of oxygen due to the interrupted blood-flow to the brain. Meanwhile, the cooling function of the blood flow on the hot tissue will be stopped, while metabolic heat generation in the tissues still keeps running for awhile. Under such adverse situations, the potential for cerebral protection through hypothermia has been intensively investigated in clinics by lowering brain temperature to restrain the cerebral oxygen demands. The reason can be attributed to the decreased metabolic requirements of the cold brain tissues, which allows a longer duration for the brain to endure reduced oxygen delivery. It is now clear that hypothermia would serve as the principal way for neurologic protection in a wide variety of emergency medicines, especially in cerebral damage, anoxia, circulatory arrest, respiratory occlusion, etc. However, although brain cooling has been found uniquely significant in clinical practices, the serious lack of knowledge on the mechanisms involved prevents its further advancement in brain resuscitation. Compared with the expanded trials in clinics, only very limited efforts were made to probe the engineering issues involved, which turns out to be a major obstacle for the successful operation of brain hypothermia resuscitation. From the viewpoint of biothermal medical engineering, the major theories and strategies for administering brain cooling can generally be classified into three categories: heat transfer, oxygen transport and cooling strategy. Aiming to provide a complete overview of the brain hypothermia resuscitation, this article comprehensively summarizes the recent progresses made in theoretical, practical and experimental techniques in the area. Particularly, attention is paid to the mathematical models to quantify the heat and oxygen transport inside the cerebral tissues. Typical cooling strategies to effectively lower brain temperature and thus decrease oxygen consumption rate in the cerebral tissues are analyzed. Approaches to deliver oxygen directly to the target tissues are discussed. Meanwhile, some future efforts worth pursuing within the area of brain cooling are suggested.

关键词： mathematical     interruption     hypothermia     metabolic     generation    

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Role of brown adipose tissue in metabolic syndrome, aging, and cancer cachexia

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 130-138 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0555-2

摘要：

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a fundamental role in maintaining body temperature by producing heat. BAT that had been know to exist only in mammals and the human neonate has received great attention for the treatment of obesity and diabetes due to its important function in energy metabolism, ever since it is recently reported that human adults have functional BAT. In addition, beige adipocytes, brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT), have also been shown to take part in whole body metabolism. Multiple lines of evidence demonstrated that transplantation or activation of BAT or/and beige adipocytes reversed obesity and improved insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, many genes involved in BAT activation and/or the recruitment of beige cells have been found, thereby providing new promising strategies for future clinical application of BAT activation to treat obesity and metabolic diseases. This review focuses on recent advances of BAT function in the metabolic aspect and the relationship between BAT and cancer cachexia, a pathological process accompanied with decreased body weight and increased energy expenditure in cancer patients. The underlying possible mechanisms to reduce BAT mass and its activity in the elderly are also discussed.

关键词： brown adipose tissue     beige adipocyte     anti-obesity     anti-diabetes     cancer cachexia     aging    

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Effect of styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer on the aging resistance of asphalt: An atomistic understanding

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1261-1276 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0761-5

摘要： To reveal the potential influence of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer modification on the anti-aging performance of asphalt, and its mechanism, we explored the aging characteristics of base asphalt and SBS-modified asphalt by reaction force field (ReaxFF) and classical molecular dynamics simulations. The results illustrate that the SBS asphalt is more susceptible to oxidative aging than the base asphalt under oxygen-deficient conditions due to the presence of unsaturated C=C bonds in the SBS polymer. In the case of sufficient oxygen, the SBS polymer inhibits the oxidation of asphalt by restraining the diffusion of asphalt molecules. Compared with the base asphalt, the SBS asphalt exhibits a higher degree of oxidation at the early stage of pavement service and a lower degree of oxidation in the long run. In addition, SBS polymer degrades into small blocks during aging, thus counteracting the hardening of aged asphalt and partially restoring its low-temperature cracking resistance.

关键词： SBS asphalt     oxidative aging     asphalt hardening     ReaxFF     molecular dynamics    

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Tramadol reinforces antidepressant effects of ketamine with increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 411-415 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0226-2

摘要：

Ketamine exerts rapid and robust antidepressant properties in both animal models and depressed patients and tramadol possesses potential antidepressant effects. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important biomarker for mood disorders and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) is a high affinity catalytic receptor for BDNF. We hypothesized that tramadol pretreatment might reinforce ketamine-elicited antidepressant effects with significant changes in hippocampal BDNF and TrkB levels in rats. Immobility time of rats receiving different treatment in the forced swimming test (FST) was observed. Levels of BDNF and TrkB in hippocampus were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results showed that tramadol (5 mg/kg) administrated alone neither elicited antidepressant effects nor altered BDNF or TrkB level. However, pretreatment with tramadol (5 mg/kg) enhanced the ketamine (10 mg/kg) -elicited antidepressant effects and upregulated the BDNF and TrkB levels in hippocampus. In conclusion, tramadol pretreatment reinforces the ketamine-elicited antidepressant effects, which is associated with the increased levels of BDNF and TrkB in rat hippocampus.

关键词： tramadol     ketamine     antidepressant     brain-derived neurotrophic factor     tropomyosin-related kinase B    

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The influence of brain death on donor liver and the potential mechanisms of protective intervention

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 8-14 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0109-y

摘要：

Brain-dead donors have become one of the main sources of organs for transplantation in Western countries. The quality of donor organs is closely related to the outcome of the transplantation. Experimental studies have confirmed the inferior graft survival of livers from brain-dead donors compared with those from living donors. Studies conducted in the past 10 years have shown that brain death is associated with effects on the decreased donor organ quality. However, whether the decrease in the viability of donor organs is caused by brain death or by the events before and after brain death remains uncertain. The purpose of this review is to introduce the advances and controversies regarding the influence of brain death on the viability of donor livers and to summarize the mechanisms of the different protective interventions for donor livers.

关键词： brain death     donor liver    

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Various brain-eating amoebae: the protozoa, the pathogenesis, and the disease

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 842-866 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0865-2

摘要： Among various genera of free-living amoebae prevalent in nature, some members are identified as causative agents of human encephalitis, in which Naegleria fowleri followed by Acanthamoeba spp. and Balamuthia mandrillaris have been successively discovered. As the three dominant genera responsible for infections, Acanthamoeba and Balamuthia work as opportunistic pathogens of granulomatous amoebic encephalitis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, whereas Naegleria induces primary amoebic meningoencephalitis mostly in healthy children and young adults as a more violent and deadly disease. Due to the lack of typical symptoms and laboratory findings, all these amoebic encephalitic diseases are difficult to diagnose. Considering that subsequent therapies are also affected, all these brain infections cause significant mortality worldwide, with more than 90% of the cases being fatal. Along with global warming and population explosion, expanding areas of human and amoebae activity in some regions lead to increased contact, resulting in more serious infections and drawing increased public attention. In this review, we summarize the present information of these pathogenic free-living amoebae, including their phylogeny, classification, biology, and ecology. The mechanisms of pathogenesis, immunology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, epidemiology, diagnosis, and therapies are also discussed.

关键词： free-living amoebae     central nervous system infection     primary amoebic meningoencephalitis     granulomatous amoebic encephalitis    

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熵原理解读人类疾病和衰老

王志国

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期   页码 22-26 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.08.014

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Dietary Lipid Intervention in the Prevention of Brain Aging

Wei Xiong,Bing Fang,Xiaoyu Wang,Ming Zhang,Min Du,Jiazeng Sun,Juan Chen,Yixuan Li,Changhao Sun,Xingen Lei,Xue Zhang,Fazheng Ren,

期刊论文

the characterization of pore structures and permeability of diesel contaminated clays under different aging

期刊论文

Mechanism and characterization of microplastic aging process: A review

期刊论文

Aging properties and aging mechanism of activated waste rubber powder modified asphalt binder based on

期刊论文

Insights into influence of aging processes on zero-valent iron modified biochar in copper(II) immobilization

期刊论文

Projections of heat-related excess mortality in China due to climate change, population and aging

期刊论文

Outdoor aging of road asphalt and SBS modified asphalt

Li XIANG, Juan TU, Jian CHENG, Guohe QUE

期刊论文

Outcomes of patients awaiting lung transplantation after the implementation of donation after brain death

期刊论文

Cooling strategies and transport theories for brain hypothermia resuscitation

LIU Jing

期刊论文

Role of brown adipose tissue in metabolic syndrome, aging, and cancer cachexia

null

期刊论文

Effect of styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer on the aging resistance of asphalt: An atomistic understanding

期刊论文

Tramadol reinforces antidepressant effects of ketamine with increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic

null

期刊论文

The influence of brain death on donor liver and the potential mechanisms of protective intervention

null

期刊论文

Various brain-eating amoebae: the protozoa, the pathogenesis, and the disease

期刊论文

熵原理解读人类疾病和衰老

王志国

期刊论文